lsof命令详解

作者: tiankonguse | 更新日期:

lsof在linux中是一个很重要的命令，这里简单记录一下．

本文首发于公众号：天空的代码世界，微信号：tiankonguse

lsof全名list open files,含义为显示打开的文件列表．
我们都是知道，在linux的世界里，所有的事物都是文件，　对事物的操作就是对文件的操作．
比如设备是文件，目录是文件，socket是文件．我们通过lsof命令可以得到很多有用的信息．

  1. tiankonguse:~ $ lsof -i -n
  2. COMMAND   PID        USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
  3. ssh      3860 tiankonguse    3u  IPv4 277226      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:55470->52.175.36.207:ssh (ESTABLISHED)
  4. ssh      3860 tiankonguse    4u  IPv6 277256      0t0  TCP [::1]:7070 (LISTEN)
  5. ssh      3860 tiankonguse    5u  IPv4 277257      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:7070 (LISTEN)
  6. ssh      3860 tiankonguse    9u  IPv4 392596      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:7070->127.0.0.1:47308 (CLOSE_WAIT)
  7. ssh      3860 tiankonguse   10u  IPv4 425556      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:7070->127.0.0.1:47424 (ESTABLISHED)
  8. ssh      3860 tiankonguse   11u  IPv4 474716      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:7070->127.0.0.1:47436 (ESTABLISHED)
  9. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  102u  IPv4 474141      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:54857->220.181.76.72:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
  10. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  103u  IPv4 424629      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:47424->127.0.0.1:7070 (ESTABLISHED)
  11. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  104u  IPv4 432692      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:36335->203.208.50.175:https (ESTABLISHED)
  12. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  106u  IPv4 476207      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:47436->127.0.0.1:7070 (ESTABLISHED)
  13. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  111u  IPv4 273013      0t0  UDP *:mdns

lsof默认显示字段有COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME.

含义如下:

  • COMMAND 程序命令,默认以9个字符长度显示的命令名称。可使用+c参数指定显示的宽度，若+c后跟的参数为零，则显示命令的全名
  • PID 进程id
  • PPID 父进程的IP号，默认不显示，当使用-R参数可打开。
  • PGID 进程组的ID编号，默认也不会显示，当使用-g参数时可打开。
  • USER 命令的执行UID或系统中登陆的用户名称。默认显示为用户名，当使用-l参数时，可显示UID。
  • FD 文件描述符
  • TYPE IPv4的包,IPv6包，DIR 目录，LINK 链接文件等
  • DEVICE 使用character special、block special表示的设备号
  • SIZE/OFF 文件的大小，如果不能用大小表示的，会留空。使用-s参数控制。
  • NODE 本地文件的node码，或者协议，如TCP等
  • NAME 挂载点和文件的全路径（链接会被解析为实际路径），或者连接双方的地址和端口、状态等
  1. tiankonguse:~ $ lsof -i :80
  2. COMMAND   PID        USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
  3. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  102u  IPv4 537284      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:41976->117.79.92.146:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
  4. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  104u  IPv4 539670      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34899->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  5. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  105u  IPv4 539781      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:60814->93-46-8-89.ip105.fastwebnet.it:http (SYN_SENT)
  6. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  118u  IPv4 537818      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34900->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  7. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  122u  IPv4 537900      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:60815->93-46-8-89.ip105.fastwebnet.it:http (SYN_SENT)
  8. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  124u  IPv4 538905      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:41978->117.79.92.146:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
  9. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  128u  IPv4 538906      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:41979->117.79.92.146:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
  10. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  155u  IPv4 539020      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34901->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  11. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  170u  IPv4 539036      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:58368->220.181.7.190:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
  12. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  174u  IPv4 539021      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34902->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  13. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  183u  IPv4 539022      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34903->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  14. chrome  31615 tiankonguse  184u  IPv4 539023      0t0  TCP 192.168.31.137:34904->151.101.16.133:http (ESTABLISHED)
  1. tiankonguse:~ $ lsof -c chrome | more
  2. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() ext4 file system /var/lib/docker/aufs
  3.       Output information may be incomplete.
  4. COMMAND   PID        USER   FD      TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF     NODE NAME
  5. chrome   1880 tiankonguse  cwd       DIR                0,3        0    24098 /proc/31953/fdinfo
  6. chrome   1880 tiankonguse  rtd       DIR                0,3        0    24098 /proc/31953/fdinfo
  7. chrome   1880 tiankonguse  txt       REG                8,2 99609936 24248328 /opt/google/chrome/chrome
  8. chrome   1880 tiankonguse  DEL       REG               0,21             52587 /run/shm/.com.google.Chrome.SE37st
  1. tiankonguse:~ $ lsof -p 2127
  2. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() ext4 file system /var/lib/docker/aufs
  3.       Output information may be incomplete.
  4. COMMAND  PID USER   FD      TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
  5. apache2 2127 root  cwd   unknown                      /proc/2127/cwd (readlink: Permission denied)
  6. apache2 2127 root  rtd   unknown                      /proc/2127/root (readlink: Permission denied)
  7. apache2 2127 root  txt   unknown                      /proc/2127/exe (readlink: Permission denied)
  8. apache2 2127 root NOFD                                /proc/2127/fd (opendir: Permission denied)
  1. tiankonguse:~ $ lsof -g 2127
  2. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() ext4 file system /var/lib/docker/aufs
  3.       Output information may be incomplete.
  4. COMMAND  PID PGID     USER   FD      TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
  5. apache2 2127 2127     root  cwd   unknown                      /proc/2127/cwd (readlink: Permission denied)
  6. apache2 2127 2127     root  rtd   unknown                      /proc/2127/root (readlink: Permission denied)
  7. apache2 2127 2127     root  txt   unknown                      /proc/2127/exe (readlink: Permission denied)
  8. apache2 2127 2127     root NOFD                                /proc/2127/fd (opendir: Permission denied)
  9. apache2 2156 2127 www-data  cwd   unknown                      /proc/2156/cwd (readlink: Permission denied)
  10. apache2 2156 2127 www-data  rtd   unknown                      /proc/2156/root (readlink: Permission denied)
  11. apache2 2156 2127 www-data  txt   unknown                      /proc/2156/exe (readlink: Permission denied)
  12. ...
  1. lsof +D /home/

grep搜索，　如找到那些被删除但是没释放的文件．

  1. lsof | grep xxx

本文首发于公众号：天空的代码世界，微信号：tiankonguse
如果你想留言，可以在微信里面关注公众号进行留言。

关注公众号,接收最新消息

置顶文章

tiankonguse + ≡
穿越